There are hundreds of sleep disorder that can strike all age groups, and almost all (95 percent) undiagnosed sleep disorder. Sleep disturbance itself is a disturbing sleep patterns. Included in the sleep disorders include insomnia, difficult to maintain sleep, sleep at the wrong moment, excessive sleep, or abnormal behaviors associated with sleep.
Sleep disorders can be classified into 4 groups, namely:
- Difficult Sleep (Insomnia)
Insomnia is a condition difficult to sleep, difficult to maintain sleep, often waking when sleep, waking up too early. “It could be temporary, short-term (2-3 weeks), or chronic. Factors closely related to insomnia is a disease, depression, anxiety (anxiety), stress, trouble sleeping environment, caffeine, alcohol, heavy smokers, a nap, sleeping habits too early or spend time in bed when he did not want to sleep. ”
- Easy Asleep (hypersomnia)
Sleep disturbance due to excessive called hypersomnia. This group included, among others sleep apnea, narcolepsy, nocturnal myoclonus, apnes obstructive sleep (OSA), and so on. “If someone can not sleep, REM stage was not going to happen. And when he woke up, she felt tired. The main symptoms of drowsiness in the daytime,” he said. Andreas A. Prasadja.
Narcolepsy is a desire to sleep is not unbearable in the daytime, although nighttime sleep enough. “It can strike both men and women and young adults. While nocturnal myoclonus is a situation where there are periodic movements of the legs down while sleeping. This is related to excessive drowsiness during the day.”
- Parasomnia
Ie during sleep behavior disorder, which usually occurs in children. The cause is usually nervous and psychic (traumatic). Which includes among other parasomnia sleep terror and sleep walking. Sleep terror is suddenly wake up from sleep with fear, sweating, rapid heartbeat and confusion.
While sleep walking is walking while asleep and did not remember / realize concerned. “Generally, attacking children aged 2-12 years. The reason could be due to organic brain syndrome, reactions to medications, or psychological causes,” said dr.Andreas, sleep health experts from the Sleep Disorder Clinic RS Mitra Kemayoran, Jakarta, this.
- As a result of sleep schedule
Another sleep disorder is a disorder associated with a regular sleep schedule. For example when traveling to a different region’s time zone, or on shift workers. Which include, among others, sleep state misperception (the amount of sleep time is different than expected), natural short sleeper (sleeping less but without interference), sleep-wake syndrome irregular.
Most sleep disorders can not be avoided, but can be linked to health conditions, which could be more could have been avoided. For example, many OSA sufferers who appears to have excess weight (overweight). “If the weight can be reduced, suffered sleep disturbance can be overcome. In fact, good sleep patterns is the best prevention. Sports and healthy diet also helps you to sleep quality,” explained Andreas.
If sleep disturbance is considered severe, treatment can be done with drugs, devices, surgery, or life therapy (behavior). In certain disorders, light therapy. But of course, the easiest way is to make lifestyle changes and increasing knowledge about sleep.
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